Types of batteries


Common classifications of batteries are (1) primary/secondary; (2) aqueous/non-aqueous; (3) low/high power; and (4) according to the size, for example button, prismatic and cylindrical. The following three groups may be identified. (For a battery designated by the chemical formula of the negative and positive electrode, for example Zn and MnO2, the notation with a slash will be used: Zn/MnO2. For a battery designated by a conventional definition, for example zinc-carbon, the notation with a dash will be used: Zn-C.)

1. Batteries mainly used in portable applications

Zinc-carbon

Alkaline

Zinc-air (small size)

Primary zinc/silver oxide

2. Batteries used in both portable and industrial/vehicular applications

Primary lithium

Lithium ion

Nickel-cadmium

Nickel-metal hydride

Lead-acid (in a few portable applications only)

Secondary zinc/silver oxide

3. Batteries mainly used in industrial/vehicular applications

Nickel-hydrogen

Nickel-zinc

Nickel-iron

Large zinc-air

Flow batteries

Thermal batteries (include Li-metal-polymer)

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